给排水专业词汇—B部分
给水工程：water supply engineering
排水工程：sewerage / wastewater engineering
给水系统：water supply system
排水系统：sewerage system
给水水源：water source
原水：raw water
地表水：surface water
地下水：ground water
苦成水(碱性水)：brackish water / alkaline water
淡水：fresh water
冷却水：cooling water
废水：wastewater
污水：sewage / wastewater
用水量：water consumption
供水量：output
污水量：wastewater flow / sewage flow
用水定额：water consumption norm
排水定额：wastewater flow norm
水质：water quality
渠道：channel / conduit
干管：main
泵站：pumping house / station
给水处理：water treatment
污水处理：sewage / wastewater treatment
废水处置：wastewater disposal
格栅：bar screen
曝气：aeration
沉淀：sedimentation
澄清：clarification
过滤：filtration
离子交换法：ion exchange
消毒：disinfection
氯化：chlorination
余氯：residual chlorine
游离性余氯：free residual chlorine
结合性余氯：combinative residual chlorine
污泥：sludge
污泥处理：sludge treatment
污泥处置：sludge disposal
水头损失：head loss
贮水池：storage reservoir / tank
过河管：river crossing
倒虹管：inverted siphon
稳定：stabilization
异重流：density current
直流水系统：once through system
复用（循环）水系统：water reuse system
生活用水：domestic water
生产用水：process water
消防用水：fire demand
浇洒道路用水：street flushing demand / road watering
绿化用水：green belt / plot sprinkling
未预见用水量：unforeseen demand
自用水量：water consumption in water-works
管网漏失水量：leakage
平均日供水量：average daily coefficient（n. 系数；adj. 共同作用的）
最高日供水量：maximum service coefficient
日变化系数：daily variation coefficient
时变化系数：hourly variation coefficient
最小服务水头：minimum service head
管井：deep / drilled well
管井滤水管：deep well screen
管井沉淀：grit compartment
大口井：dug / open well
井群：battery（n. 一组；蝴蝶.） of wells
渗渠：infiltration gallery
地下水取水构筑物及滤层：inverted layer
泉室：spring chamber
取水构筑物：intake structure
取水口(取水头部)：intake
进水间：intake structure
格网：screen
吸水井：suction well
净水构筑物：purification structure
投药：chemical dosing
混合：mixing
凝聚：coagulation
絮凝：flocculation
自然沉淀：plain sedimentation
凝聚沉淀：coagulation sedimentation
凝聚剂：coagulant
助凝剂：coagulant aid
药剂固定储备量：standby reserve
药剂周转储备量：current reserve
沉沙池(沉砂池)：desilting basin | grit chamber
预沉池：pre- sedimentation tank
平流沉淀池：horizontal flow sedimentation
异向流斜管(或斜板)沉淀池：tube (plate)settler
水力循环澄清池：circulation clarifier
脉冲澄清池：pulsator
悬浮澄清池：sludge blanket clarifier
液面负荷：surface load
气浮池：floatation tank
气浮溶气罐：dissolved air vessel
气浮接触室：contact chamber
快滤池：rapid filter
虹吸滤池：siphon filter
无阀滤池：pressure filter
压力滤池：pressure filter
移动罩滤池：movable hood backwashing filter
料：filtering media
承托层：graded gravel lay
滤速：rate of filtration
滤池配水系统：filter underdrain system
表面冲洗：surface washing
反冲洗：backwash
气水反冲洗：air- water washing
滤池冲洗水量：filter wash water consumption
冲洗强度：intensity of back washing
膨胀率：percentage of bed-expansion
除铁接触氧化法：contact-oxidation
清水池：clean- water reservoir
配水管网：distribution / pipe system
环状管网：pipe network
枝状管网：branch system
水管支墩：buttress / anchorage
软化水：softened water
除盐水：demineralized water
高纯水：high- purity water | ultra- high purity water
除硅：desilication | silica removal
脱碱：dialkalization
酸洗：acid cleaning
石灰浆：lime slurry
石灰乳：milk of lime
树脂污染：resin fouling
树脂降解：resin degradation
离子交换剂：ion exchanger
离子交换树脂：ion exchange resin
弱碱性阴离子交换树脂：weak-base exchange resin
强碱性阴离子交换树脂：strong-base anion exchange resin
弱酸性慢离子交换树脂：weak-acid exchange resin
强酸性阳离子交换树脂：strong-acid cation exchange resin
凝胶型离子交换树脂：gel-type ion exchange resin
大孔型离子交换树脂：macro-reticular type ion exchange resin
磺化煤：sulfonated coal
后处理：post-treatment
再生：regeneration
再生液置换：rinse displacement
二级钠离子交换：two stage sodium ion exchange
顺流再生：co-current regeneration
对流再生：counter-current regeneration
逆流再生：up-flow regeneration
浮动床：fluidized bed
混合离子交换器：mixed bed
空气顶压逆流再生：air hold down C.C.C | air blanket CCR
水顶压逆流再生：water hold down C. C.R | water blanket CC R
无顶压逆流再生：atmospheric press bed CCR
离子交换剂床层膨胀率：ion exchange bed expansion
移动床：moving bed
再生剂耗量：chemical / regenerant consumption
再生剂量：regeneration lever
再生剂计量：chemical measurement
超滤器：ultrafilter
微孔过滤器：micropores filter
双层床：strated / multiped
双室床：double bed
分步再生：stepwise regeneration
工作交换容量：operating capacity
树脂捕捉器：resintrapper
电渗析器：dlectordialyzer
反渗透器：reverse osmosis unit
一级除盐系统：primary demineralization system
单塔单周期移动床：monobed and single cycle moving bed
双塔连续再生移动床：duad bed contactor
单床离子交换器：mono- bed ion exchange
冷却塔：cooling tower
温式冷却塔：dry cooling tower
干式冷却塔：dry cooling tower
干—湿式冷却塔：dry-wet cooling tower
自然通风冷却塔：natural draft cooling tower
机械通风冷却塔：mechanical draft cooling tower
风筒式冷却塔：chimney cooling tower
开放式冷却塔：atmospheric cooling tower
抽风式机械通风冷却塔：induced draft mechanical cooling tower
鼓风式机械通风冷却塔：forced draft mechanical cooling tower
横流式冷却塔：crossflow cooling tower
逆流式冷却塔：counter flow cooling tower
淋水填料：packing
点滴式淋水材料：splash packing
薄膜式淋水材料：film packing
点滴薄膜式淋水填料：splash- film packing
冷却塔配水系统：cooling tower distribution system
槽式配水系统：troughing distribution system
管式配水系统：piping distribution system
管—槽结合式配水系统：pipe-troughing distribution system
池式配水系统：hot water distribution basin
旋转布水器：rotating distributor
溅水嘴：spray nozzle
冷却塔配水竖件：vertical well of water distribution
淋水面积：area of water drenching
淋水密度：water drenching density
逼近度：approach
冷却水温差：cooling range
除水器：drift eliminator
滴：drift
湿空气回流：recirculation of wet air
喷水池：spray pond
冷却池：cooling pond
深水型冷却池：shallow cooling pond
浅水型冷却池：deep cooling pond
挡热墙：skimmer wall
潜水堰：submerged weir
蒸发损失：evaporation loss
风吹损失：windage loss
渗漏损失：seepage loss
温差异重流：thermal density flow
水面综合散热系数：heat transfer coefficient
循环冷却水：recirculating cooling water
直流冷却水：one-through cooling water
直接冷却水：direct cooling water
间接冷却水：indirect cooling water
补充水：make-up water
旁流：side stream
排污：blowdown
循环冷却水系统：recirculating cooling water system
直流冷却水系统：once-through cooling water system
敞开式循环冷却水系统：opened recirculation cooling water system
密闭式循环冷却水系统：closed recirculation cooling water system
结垢：scale
污垢：fouling
生物粘泥：slime / biological fouling
污垢热阻：fouling resistance
生物粘泥量：slime content
腐蚀：corrosion
全面腐蚀(均匀腐蚀)：general corrosion
局部腐蚀：localized corrosion
垢下腐蚀：under- deposit corrosion
点蚀：pitting
腐蚀率：corrosion rate
点蚀系数：pitting factor
阻垢：scale inhibition
缓蚀：corrosion inhibition
防腐蚀：corrosion prevention
浓缩倍数：cycle of concentration
系统容积：volumetric content of system
饱和指数：saturation / Langelier index
冷却水处理：cooling water treatment
旁流水处理：side- stream treatment
补充水处理：make- up water treatment
加酸处理：acidification
菌藻处理：microbiological control
旁流过滤：side-stream filtration
降解：degradation
监测试片：monitoring coupon
腐蚀试片：corrosion coupon
阻垢剂：scale inhibitor
分散剂：dispersant
蚀剂：corrosion inhibitor
杀生物剂：biocide
剥离剂：stripping agent
表面活性剂：surfactant
消泡剂：defoaming agent
污水管道系统：sewer system
合流制：combined system
分流制：separate system
检查井：manhole
跃水井：drop manhole
事故排出口：emergence outlet
暴雨溢流井(截留井)：storm overflow well | intercepting well
防潮门：tide gate
生活污水：domestic sewage | domestic wastewater
工业废水：industrial wastewater
生产污水：polluted industrial wastewater
生产废水：non-polluted industrial wastewater
城市污水：municipal sewage / wastewater
旱流污水：dry weather flow
水体自净：self- purification of water bodies
一级处理：primary treatment
二级处理：secondary treatment
生物处理：biological treatment
活性污泥法：activated sludge process
生物膜法：biomembrance process
双层沉淀池(隐化池)：Imhoff tank
初次沉淀池：primary sedimentation tank
二次沉淀池：secondary sedimentation tank
生物滤池：biological / trickling filter
塔式生物滤池：biotower
生物转盘：rotating biological disk
生物接触氧化：bio-contact oxidation
曝气池：aeration tank
推流曝气：plugflow aeration
完全混合曝气：complete- mixing aeration
普通曝气：conventional aeration
阶段曝气：step aeration
吸附再生曝气：bios sorption process | contact stabilization
高负荷曝气：high-rate aeration
延时曝气：extended aeration
氧化沟：oxidation aitch
稳定（氧化）塘：stabilization / oxidation pond
灌溉田：sewage farming
隔油池：oil separator
固定布水器：fixed distributor
活动布水器：movable distributor
空气扩散曝气：diffused air aeration
机械表面曝气：mechanical surface aeration
混合液：mixed liquor
堰门：weir gate
原污泥：raw sludge
初沉污泥：primary sludge
二沉污泥：secondary sludge
活性污泥：activated sludge
消化污泥：activated sludge
回流污泥：returned sludge
剩余污泥：excess activated sludge
污泥气：sludge gas
污泥消化：sludge digestion
好氧消化：aerobic digestion
厌氧消化：anaerobic digestion
中温消化：mesophilic digestion
高温消化：thermophilic digestion
污泥浓缩：sludge thickening
污泥淘洗：elutriation of sludge
污泥脱水：sludge dewatering
污泥真空过滤：sludge vacuum filtration
污泥压：sludge pressure filtration
污泥干化：sludge drying
污泥焚烧：sludge incineration
合流水量：combined flow
雨水量：storm runoff
暴雨强度：rainfall intensity
人口当量：population equivalent
重现期：recurrence interval
降雨历时：duration of rainfall
地面集水时间：time of flow
管内流行时间：time of flow
汇水面积：catchment area
充满度：depth ratio
衰面水力负荷：hydraulic surface loading
固体负荷：solid loading
堰负荷：weir loading
容积负荷：volume loading
表面有机负荷：organic surface loading
污泥负荷：sludge loading
需氧量：oxygen demand
供(气)量：oxygen（ air）supply
氧转移率：oxygen transfer efficiency
充氧能力：oxygenation capacity
泥饼产率：sludge cake production
污泥回流比：return sludge ratio
污泥浓度：sludge concentration
截流倍数：interception ratio
径流系数：runoff coefficient
总变化系数：peaking variation factor
生化需氧量：biochemical oxygen demand
化学需氧量：chemical oxygen demand
耗氧量：oxygen consumption
悬浮固体：suspended solid
电镀废水：electroplating wastewater
电镀清洗废水：electroplating rinse-wastewater
闭路循环：closed system / loop
连续处理：continuous treatment
间歇处理：batch（n. 一批；v.分批.） treatment
清洗槽：rinse tank
连续式逆流清洗：continuous countercurrent rinsing
间歇式逆流清洗：intermittent countercurrent rinsing
反洗清洗：back spray rinsing
清洗用水定额：rinsing water nor
末级清浣槽浓度：final rinse tank concentration
清洗倍率：rinsing rate
碱性氯化法：alkaline chlorination process
一级氧化处理：first stage oxidation treatment
二级氧化处理：second stage oxidation treatment
槽内处理法：tank treatment
铁氧体法：ferriter technique
树脂交换容量：resin exchange capacity
空间流速：space flow rate
交换流速：exchange flow rate
再生周期：regeneration period
离子交换柱：ion exchange column
电解处理法：electrolytic treatment
电极密度：electrode density
极距：electrode distance
双极性电极：bipolar electrode
不溶性阳极：insoluble anode
周期换向：periodic reversal
脉冲电解：pulse electrolysis
流出水头：static pressure for outflow
给水额定流量：rate of flow
设计秒流量：design flow / load
卫生器具当量：fixture unit
设计小时耗热量：heat consumption
热水循环流量：hot water circulating flow
循环附加流量：additional circulating flow
配水点：points of distribution
上行下给式：upfeed system
下行上给式：downfeed system
单向供水：one way service pipe system
双向供水：multi-way service pipe system
竖向分区：vertical division block
明设：exposed installation
暗设：concealed / embedded installation
回流污染：backflow pollution
空气间歇：air gap
粪便污水：soil（n. 土壤、粪水.）
生活废水：waste
水流转角：angle of turning flow
内排水系统：interior storm system
外排水系统：outside storm system
集中热水供应系统：central heating system
开式热水供应系统：open system of hot water supply
单管热水供应系统：single pipe system of hot water supply
自然循环：natural circulation
机械循环：mechanical circulation
第一循环管系：primary circulating system
第二循环管系：secondary circulating system
引入管：service / inlet pipe
排出管：building drain | outlet pipe
立管：vertical pipe | riser | stack
横管：horizontal pipe
悬吊管：hanged pipe
清扫口：cleanout
检查口：chuckhole / checkpipe
存水弯：tap | water-sealed joint
水封：water seal
通气管：vent（pipe）
伸顶通气管：stack vent
专用通气立管：specific vent stack
主通气立管：main vent stack
副通气立管：secondary vent stack, assistant vent stack
环形通气管：loop vent
器具通气管：fixture vent
结合通气管：yoke vent（pipe）
间接排水管：indirect waste pipe
雨水斗：rain strainer
回水管：return pipe
卫生器具：（plumbing）fixture
气压给水设备：pneumatic tank
隔油井：grease interceptor
降温池：cooling tank
化粪池：septic tank
接触消毒池：disinfecting tank
泵站：pumping station
补充水：make-up water